قراءات إضافية | النوم: مقدمة قصيرة جدًّا

الفصل الأول: النوم عبر العصور

J. A. Hobson, Sleep (Scientific American Library Series) (W. H. Freeman, 1995).
N. Kleitman, Sleep and Wakefulness (University of Chicago Press, 1939, 1963).

الفصل الثاني: كيفية النوم وتنظيمه: نظرة عامة

J. Arendt, Melatonin and the Mammalian Pineal Gland (Chapman & Hall, 1995).
D. J. Dijk, ‘Regulation and functional correlates of slow wave sleep’, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2009, 5 (2 Suppl): S6–15. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2824213/pdf/jcsm.5.2S.S6.pdf.
D. J. Dijk and S. W. Lockley, ‘Integration of human sleep-wake regulation and circadian rhythmicity’, Journal of Applied Physiology, 2002, 92 (2): 852–62. Available at: http://jap.physiology.org/content/92/2/852.full.pdf.
R. G. Foster and L. Kreitzman, Rhythms of Life: The Biological Clocks that Control the Daily Lives of Every Living Thing (Profile Books, 2004).
J. A. Hobson, Dreaming: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2005).
S. N. Peirson, S. Halford, and R. G. Foster, ‘The evolution of irradiance detection: melanopsin and the non-visual opsins’, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society London, B: Biological Sciences, 2009, 364 (1531): 2849–65. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2781857/pdf/rstb20090050.pdf.

الفصل الثالث: العقل النائم

C. Cirelli, ‘The genetic and molecular regulation of sleep: from fruit flies to humans’, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2009, 10 (8): 549–60. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2767184/pdf/nihms152790.pdf.
A. Crocker and A. Sehgal, ‘Genetic analysis of sleep’, Genes and Development, 2010, 24 (12): 1220–35. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2885658/pdf/1220.pdf.
P. M. Fuller, C. B. Saper, and J. Lu, ‘The pontine REM switch: past and present’, Journal of Physiology, 2007, 584 (Pt 3): 735–41. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2276987/pdf/tjp0584-0735.pdf.
M. Hastings, J. S. O’Neill, and E. S. Maywood, ‘Circadian clocks: regulators of endocrine and metabolic rhythms’, Journal of Endocrinology, 2007, 195 (2): 187–98. Available at: http://joe.endocrinology-journals.org/content/195/2/187.full.pdf.
J. M. Krueger, D. M. Rector, S. Roy, H. P. Van Dongen, G. Belenky, and J. Panksepp, ‘Sleep as a fundamental property of neuronal assemblies’, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2008, 9 (12): 910–19. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2586424/pdf/nihms78194.pdf.
R. W. McCarley, ‘Neurobiology of REM and NREM sleep’, Sleep Medicine, 2007, 8 (4): 302–30.
M. O’Shea, The Brain: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2006).
C. B. Saper, P. M. Fuller, N. P. Pedersen, J. Lu, and T. E. Scammell, ‘Sleep state switching’, Neuron, 2010, 68 (6): 1023–42.

الفصل الرابع: أسباب النوم

R. Allada and J. M. Siegel, ‘Unearthing the phylogenetic roots of sleep’, Current Biology, 2008, 18 (15): R670–79. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2899675/pdf/nihms213677.pdf.
P. McNamara, R. A. Barton, and C. L. Nunn (eds.), Evolution of Sleep: Phylogenetic and Functional Perspectives (Cambridge University Press, 2009).
E. Mignot, ‘Why we sleep: the temporal organization of recovery’, PLoS Biology, 2008, 6 (4): e106. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2689703/pdf/pbio.0060106.pdf.
V. M. Savage and G. B. West, ‘A quantitative, theoretical framework for understanding mammalian sleep’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 2007, 104 (3): 1051–6. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1783362/pdf/zpq1051.pdf.
R. Stickgold and M. P. Walker, ‘Sleep-dependent memory consolidation and reconsolidation’, Sleep Medicine, 2007, 8 (4): 331–43. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2680680/pdf/nihms24106.pdf.

الفصل الخامس: المراحل العمرية السبعة للنوم

R. Ferber, Solve Your Child’s Sleep Problems, 2nd edn. (Fireside, 2006).
M. H. Hagenauer, J. I. Perryman, T. M. Lee, and M. A. Carskadon, ‘Adolescent changes in the homeostatic and circadian regulation of sleep’, Developmental Neuroscience, 2009, 31 (4): 276–84. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2820578/pdf/dne0031-0276.pdf.
I. Iglowstein, O. G. Jenni, L. Molinari, and R. H. Largo, ‘Sleep duration from infancy to adolescence: reference values and generational trends’, Pediatrics, 2003 Feb, 111 (2): 302–7. Available at: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/111/2/302.full.pdf.
J. L. Martin and S. Ancoli-Israel, ‘Sleep disturbances in long-term care’, Clinical Geriatric Medicine, 2008, 24 (1): 39–50, vi. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2215778/pdf/nihms36700.pdf.
M. L. Moline, L. Broch, R. Zak, and V. Gross, ‘Sleep in women across the life cycle from adulthood through menopause’, Sleep Medicine Review, 2003, 7 (2): 155–77.
A. B. Neikrug and S. Ancoli-Israel, ‘Sleep disorders in the older adult: a mini-review’, Gerontology, 2010, 56 (2): 181–9. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2842167/pdf/ger0056-0181.pdf.
R. F. Riemersma-van der Lek, D. F. Swaab, J. Twisk, E. M. Hol, W. J. Hoogendijk, and E. J. Van Someren, ‘Effect of bright light and melatonin on cognitive and noncognitive function in elderly residents of group care facilities: a randomized controlled trial’, Journal of the American Medical Association, 2008, 299 (22): 2642–55. Available at: http://jama.ama-assn.org/content/299/22/2642.full.pdf.

الفصل السادس: اضطرابات النوم

American Academy of Sleep Medicine, International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD-2), 2nd edn. (Rochester, MN: American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2005).
L. Epstein and S. Mardon, The Harvard Medical School Guide to a Good Night’s Sleep (McGraw-Hill, 2006).
S. Wilson and D. Nutt, Sleep Disorders (Oxford Psychiatry Library) (Oxford University Press, 2008).

الفصل السابع: النوم والصحة

F. P. Cappuccio, M. A. Miller, and S. W. Lockley (eds.), Sleep, Health and Society: From Aetiology to Public Health (Oxford University Press, 2010).
K. L. Knutson, K. Spiegel, P. Penev, and E. Van Cauter, ‘The metabolic consequences of sleep deprivation’, Sleep Medicine Review, 2007, 11 (3): 163–78. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1991337/pdf/nihms25263.pdf.
K. Wulff, S. Gatti, J. G. Wettstein, and R. G. Foster, ‘Sleep and circadian rhythm disruption in psychiatric and neurodegenerative disease’, Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2010, 11 (8): 589–99.

الفصل الثامن: النوم والمجتمع

F. P. Cappuccio, A. Bakewell, F. M. Taggart, G. Ward, C. Ji, J. P. Sullivan, M. Edmunds, R. Pounder, C. P. Landrigan, S. W. Lockley, and E. Peile, for the Warwick EWTD Working Group. ‘Implementing a 48-hour EWTD-compliant rota for junior doctors in the UK does not compromise patients’ safety: assessor-blind pilot comparison’, Quarterly Journal of Medicine, 2009, 102 (4): 271–82. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2659599/pdf/hcp004.pdf.
C. A. Czeisler, ‘Medical and genetic differences in the adverse impact of sleep loss on performance: ethical considerations for the medical profession’, Transactions of the American Clinical and Climatological Association, 2009, 120: 249–85. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2744509/pdf/tacca120000249.pdf.
F. Danner and B. Phillips, ‘Adolescent sleep, school start times, and teen motor vehicle crashes’, Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 2008, 4 (6): 533–5. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2603528/pdf/jcsm.4.6.533.pdf.
C. B. Jones, J. Dorrian, and S. M. Rajaratnam, ‘Fatigue and the criminal law’, Industrial Health, 2005, 43 (1): 63–70. Available at: http://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/indhealth/43/1/63/_pdf.
A. C. Levine, J. Adusumilli, and C. P. Landrigan, ‘Effects of reducing or eliminating resident work shifts over 16 hours: a systematic review’, Sleep, 2010, 33 (8): 1043–53. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2910534/pdf/aasm.33.8.1043.pdf.
R. P. Millman, ‘Excessive sleepiness in adolescents and young adults: causes, consequences, and treatment strategies’, Pediatrics, 2005, 115 (6): 1774–86. Available at: http://pediatrics.aappublications.org/content/115/6/1774.full.pdf.
J. L. Temple, ‘Caffeine use in children: what we know, what we have left to learn, and why we should worry’, Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews, 2009, 33 (6): 793–806. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2699625/pdf/nihms117089.pdf.
S. J. Williams, Sleep and Society: Sociological Ventures into the Un(known) (Routledge, 2005).

الفصل التاسع: مجتمع نشِط على مدار الساعة

T. Akerstedt and K. P. Wright, ‘Sleep loss and fatigue in shift work and shift work disorder’, Sleep Medicine Clinics, 2009, 4 (2): 257–71. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2904525/pdf/nihms215779.pdf.
J. Arendt, ‘Jetlag and shift work: (2) Therapeutic use of melatonin’, Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine, 1999, 92 (8): 402–5. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1297315/pdf/jrsocmed00006-0022.pdf.
P. Cinzano, F. Falchi, and C. D. Elvidge, ‘The first world atlas of the artificial night sky brightness’, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 2001, 328: 689–707. Available at: http://www.lightpollution.it/cinzano/download/0108052.pdf.
C. I. Eastman and H. J. Burgess, ‘How to travel the world without jet lag’, Sleep Medicine Clinics, 2009, 4(2): 241–55. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2829880/pdf/nihms166069.pdf.
S. Folkard and P. Tucker, ‘Shift work, safety and productivity’, Occupational Medicine (London), 2003, 53 (2): 95–101. Available at: http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/53/2/95.full.pdf.
A. Knutsson, ‘Health disorders of shift workers’, Occupational Medicine (London), 2003, 53 (2): 103–8. Available at: http://occmed.oxfordjournals.org/content/53/2/103.full.pdf.
R. L. Sack, D. Auckley, R. R. Auger, M. A. Carskadon, K. P. Wright, Jr, M. V. Vitiello, and I. V. Zhdanova, ‘Circadian rhythm sleep disorders: Part I, basic principles, shift work and jetlag disorders’, Sleep, 2007, 30 (11): 1460–83. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2082105/pdf/aasm.30.11.1460.pdf.
R. G. Stevens, D. E. Blask, G. C. Brainard, J. Hansen, S. W. Lockley, I. Provencio, M. S. Rea, and L. Reinlib, ‘Meeting report: the role of environmental lighting and circadian disruption in cancer and other diseases’, Environmental Health Perspectives, 2007, 115 (9): 1357–62. Available at: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1964886/pdf/ehp0115-001357.pdf.

مواقع ويب

www.understandingsleep.org.

Website of the Sleep and Health Education Program, Division of Sleep Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/.

Website of the US National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health database of scientifi c papers.