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(1-1) Diagram to show classical
conditioning.
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(2-1) Chimpanzees problem solving to access
a banana.
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(2-2) ABC Model (functional
analysis).
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(2-3) Beck’s cognitive triad of
depression.
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(3-1) Characteristics of the different
‘levels’ of cognition.
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(3-2) Generic CBT model 29 Adapted from
Kennerley, Kirk and Westbrook (2016).
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(3-3) Vicious cycle showing how rejection
might be responded to.
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(3-4) Diagrammatic formulation of Neil’s
difficulties.
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(3-5) Hot cross bun style of
formulation.
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(3-6) Problems with hot cross bun
formulation of Neil’s difficulties.
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(3-7) Short-term reinforcement
cycle.
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(3-8) How avoidance maintains
fear.
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(3-9) Fear of fear as a maintaining
cycle.
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(3-10) Reduced activity and rewards
maintain low mood.
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(3-11) Self-criticism maintains low
mood.
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(3-12) Maintaining cycle of performance
anxiety.
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(3-13) Self-fulfilling prophecy maintaining
cycle.
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(4-1) Typical activities across a course of
CBT sessions.
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(4-2) The iterative nature of assessment,
formulation, and treatment in CBT.
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(5-1) The role of
interpretation.
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(5-2) Example of downward arrow
technique.
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(5-3) Standard seven-column thought
record.
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(5-4) Completed thought record for a
patient with panic disorder.
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(5-5) Record sheet for behavioural
experiments.
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(6-1) The process of evidence-based
practice. Adapted from Salkovskis (2002); Clark
(2004).
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(6-2) Clark’s cognitive model of panic
disorder.
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(6-3) Revised cognitive model of panic
disorder.
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(6-4) CBT model of PTSD 90 Based on Ehlers
and Clark’s (2000) model.
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(7-1) Emotional avoidance
detour.
