قراءاتٌ إضافية

الفصل الأول: أهمية ريادة الأعمال

  • Acs, Z. J. (1996). Small Firms and Economic Growth. The International Library of Critical Writings in Economics 61. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Bosma, N. and Harding, R. (2007). GEM 2006 Results. London and Boston, MA: Babson College and London Business School.
  • Bower, T. (2008). Branson. London: Harper Perennial.
  • Branson, R. (2011). Business Stripped Bare: Adventures of a Global Entrepreneur. London: Penguin Group.
  • Bridge, S., O’Neill, K., and Martin, F. (2009). Understanding Enterprise, Entrepreneurship & Small Business, 3rd edition. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • Bygrave, B. (2004). The entrepreneurial process. In W. Bygrave and A. E. Zacharkis (eds) The Portable MBA in Entrepreneurship. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, pp. 1–28.
  • Bygrave, W. (2006). The entrepreneurship paradigm (I) revisited. In H. Neergard and J. Parm Ulhoi (eds) Handbook of Qualitative Research Methods in Entrepreneurship. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar Publishing, Inc., pp. 17–48.
  • Cunningham, J. B. and Lischeron, J. (1991). Defining Entrepreneurship. Journal of Small Business Management, 29 (1): 45–61.
  • Department of Trade and Industry. (2004). A Government Action Plan for Small Business. Making the UK the Best Place in the World to Start and Grow a Business: The Evidence Base. London: DTI, Small Business Service.
  • Drakopoulou Dodd, S. and Anderson, A. R. (2007). Mumpsimus and the Mything of the Individualistic Entrepreneur. International Small Business Journal, 25 (4): 341–360.
  • Gartner, W. B. (1985). A Conceptual Framework for Describing the Phenomenon of New Venture Creation. Academy of Management Review, 10 (4): 696–706.
  • Hannan, M. T. and Caroll, G. R. (2000). The Demography of Corporations and Industries. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.
  • Hébert, R. and Link, A. A. (2006). Historical Perspectives on the Entrepreneur. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 2 (4): 261–408.
  • Kelley, D., Singer, S., and Herrington, M. (2012). 2011 Global Report. Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (GERA). Wellesley: Babson College.
  • Kets de Vries, M. (1997). Creative rebels with a cause. In S. Birley and D. F. Muzyka (eds) Mastering Enterprise. London: Pitman Publishing, pp. 6–9.
  • Landström, H. (2005). Pioneers in Entrepreneurship and Small Business Research. New York: Springer.
  • Low, M. B. and MacMillan, I. C. (1988). Entrepreneurship: Past Research and Future Challenges. Journal of Management, 14 (2): 139–161.
  • Moroz, P. and Hindle, K. (2012). Entrepreneurship as a process: toward harmonizing multiple perspectives. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 36 (4): 781–818.
  • Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development (OECD). (1998). Fostering Entrepreneurship. Paris: Organisation for Economic Co-Operation and Development.
  • Reynolds, P., Storey, D. J., and Westhead, P. (1994). Cross-National Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates. Regional Studies, 28 (4): 443–456.
  • Reynolds, P. R., Camp, S. M., Bygrave, W. D., Autio, E., and Hay, M. (2001). Global Entrepreneurship Monitor: 2001 Executive Report. Kansas City, MO: Kauffman Center for Entrepreneurial Leadership at the Ewing Marion Kauffman Foundation.
  • Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Stinchcombe, A. L. (1965). Social Structure and Organizations. In J. G. March (ed.) Handbook of Organizations. Chicago: Rand McNally, pp. 142–193.
  • Storey, D. J. (1994). Understanding the Small Business Sector. London, Thomson Learning.
  • Storey, D., Keasey, K., Watson, R., and Wynarczyk, P. (1987). The Performance of Small Firms: Profits, Jobs and Failures. London: Croom Helm.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., and Wright, M. (2001). The Focus of Entrepreneurial Research: Contextual and Process Issues. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 25 (4): 57–80.
  • Westhead, P., Ucbasaran, D., and Wright, M. (2004). Policy Toward Novice, Serial and Portfolio Entrepreneurs. Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy, 22 (6): 779–798.
  • Westhead, P., Wright, M., and McElwee, G. (2011). Entrepreneurship: Perspectives and Cases. Harlow: Pearson Education Limited.
  • Zahra, S. A. (2007). Contextualizing Theory Building in Entrepreneurship Research. Journal of Business Venturing, 22 (3): 443–452.

الفصل الثاني: اكتشافُ الفرص وخلْقُها

  • Alvarez, S. A. and Barney, J. B. (2007). Discovery and Creation: Alternative Theories of Entrepreneurial Action. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 1 (1–2): 11–26.
  • Baker, T. and Nelson, R. E. (2005). Creating Something from Nothing: Resource Construction through Entrepreneurial Bricolage. Adminsistrative Science Quarterly, 50 (3): 329–366.
  • Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17 (1): 99–120.
  • Cantillon, R. (1755). Essai sur la Nature du Commerce en General. Translated by H. Higgs (1931). London: Macmillan.
  • Casson, M. (1982). The Entrepreneur: An Economic Theory. Oxford: Martin Robertson.
  • Cuevas, J. G. (1994). Towards a Taxonomy of Entrepreneurial Theories. International Small Business Journal, 12 (4): 77–88.
  • Di Domenico, M. L., Haugh, H., and Tracey, P. (2010). Social Bricolage: Theorizing Social Value Creation in Social Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34 (4): 681–703.
  • Fiet, J. O. (2002). The Systematic Search for Entrepreneurial Discoveries. London: Quorum Books.
  • Hannan, M. T. and Carroll, G. R. (1992). Dynamics of Organizational Populations: Density, Legitimation and Competition. New York: Oxford University Press.
  • Harmeling, S. (2011). Contingency as an Entrepreneurial Resource: How Private Obsession Fulfils Public Needs. Journal of Business Venturing, 26 (3): 293–305.
  • Kirzner, I. M. (1973). Competition and Entrepreneurship. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
  • Knight, F. H. (1921). Risk, Uncertainty and Profit (ed. G. J. Stigler). Chicago: University of Chicago.
  • Phillips, N. and Tracey, P. (2007). Opportunity Recognition, Entrepreneurial Capabilities and Bricolage: Connecting Institutional Theory and Entrepreneurship in Strategic Organization. Strategic Organization, 5 (3): 313–320.
  • Read, S., Sarasvathy, S., Dew, N., Wiltbank, R., and Ohlsson, A. (2011). Effectual Entrepreneurship. Abingdon, New York: Routledge.
  • Sarasvathy, S. (2008). Effectuation: Elements of Entrepreneurial Expertise. Cheltenham, UK: Edward Elgar.
  • Say, J. B. (1803). A Treatise on Political Economy: Or, the Production, Distribution and Consumption of Wealth. New York: Augustus M. Kelley (reprinted 1964).
  • Schumpeter, J. A. (1934). The Theory of Economic Development. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.
  • Shackle, G. (1979). Imagination and the Nature of Choice. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press.
  • Shane, S. and Venkataraman, S. (2000). The Promise of Entrepreneurship as a Field of Research. A cademy of Management Review, 25 (1): 217–226.
  • Solesvik, M. and Westhead, P. (2012). Female and Male Opportunity Effectuation and Bricolage in a Resource-Constrained Environment. Durham: Durham University Business School, working paper.
  • Westhead, P., Ucbasaran, D., Wright, M., and Martin, F. (2003). Habitual Entrepreneurs in Scotland, Characteristics, Search Processes, Learning and Performance—Summary Report. Glasgow: Scottish Enterprise.

الفصل الثالث: استغلال الفرص

  • Barney, J. B. (1991). Firm Resources and Sustained Competitive Advantage. Journal of Management, 17 (1): 99–120.
  • Barney, J. B. (2001). Is the Resource-Based ‘View’ a Useful Perspective for Strategic Management Research? Yes. Academy of Management Review, 26 (1): 41–56.
  • Brinckmann, J., Grichnik, D., and Kapsa, D. (2010). Should Entrepreneurs Plan or Just Storm the Castle? A Meta-Analysis on Contextual Factors Impacting the Business Planning-Performance Relationship in Small Firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 25 (1): 24–40.
  • Eisenhardt, K. M. and Martin, J. A. (2000). Dynamic Capabilities: What Are They? Strategic Management Journal, 21 (10–11): 1105–1121.
  • George, G. and Bock, A. J. (2012). Models of Opportunity: How Entrepreneurs Design Firms to Achieve the Unexpected. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
  • Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., Sirmon, D. G., and Trahms, C. A. (2011). Strategic Entrepreneurship: Creating Value for Individuals, Organizations, and Society. Academy of Management Perspectives 25 (2): 57–75.
  • Marshall, A. (1890). Principles of Economics (ed. G. W. Guilleband). 2 volumes, 9th edition. London: Macmillan (1961).
  • Marshall, A. (1920). Principles of Economics. 8th edition, reset 1949. London: Macmillan.
  • McWatt, J. (2010). Welsh-Based Company Coffee#1 Beats Big Boys to Award. The Western Mail, 6th March, 2010.
  • Penrose, E. (1959). The Theory of the Growth of the Firm. Oxford: Blackwell Scientific Publications.
  • Pfeffer, J. and Salancik, G. R. (1978). The External Control of Organizations: A Resource Dependence Perspective. New York: Harper & Row.
  • Rasmussen, E., Mosey, S., and Wright, M. (2011). The Evolution of Entrepreneurial Competencies: A Longitudinal Study of University Spin-off Venture Emergence. Journal of Management Studies, 48 (6): 1314–1345.
  • Sirmon, D., Hitt, M. A., Ireland, R. D., and Gilbert, B. A. (2011). Resource Orchestration to Create Competitive Advantage: Breadth, Depth and Life Cycle Effects. Journal of Management, 37 (5): 1390–1412.
  • Villaneuva J., Van de Ven, A. H., and Sapienza, H. J. (2012). Resource Mobilization in Entrepreneurial Firms. Journal of Business Venturing, 27 (1): 19–30.
  • Wright, M., Clarysse, B., and Mosey, S. (2012). Strategic Entrepreneurship, Resource Orchestration and Growing Spin-offs from Universities. Technology Analysis and Strategic Management, 24: 911–927.

الفصل الرابع: السياق المحيط بروَّاد الأعمال

  • Anna, A. L., Chandler, G. N., Jansen, E., and Mero, N. P. (2000). Women Business Owners in Traditional and Non-Traditional Industries. Journal of Business Venturing, 15 (3): 279–303.
  • Becker, G. S. (1975). Human Capital. New York: National Bureau of Economic Research.
  • Birley, S. and Westhead, P. (1994). A Taxonomy of Business Start-Up Reasons and their Impact on Firm Growth and Size. Journal of Business Venturing, 9 (1): 7–31.
  • Carter, S., Anderson, S., and Shaw, E. (2001). Women’s Business Ownership: A Review of the Academic, Popular and Internet Literature. Sheffield: Small Business Service, Research Report: RR002/01.
  • Department of Trade and Industry (2004). A Government Action Plan for Small Business. Making the UK the Best Place in the World to Start and Grow a Business: The Evidence Base. London: DTI, Small Business Service.
  • Gartner, W. B. (1989). ‘Who is an Entrepreneur?’ Is the Wrong Question. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13 (4): 47–68.
  • Gibb, A. A. (1987). Enterprise Culture—Its Meaning and Implications for Education and Training. Journal of European Industrial Training, 11 (2): 2–38.
  • Gibb, A. and Ritchie, J. (1982). Understanding the Process of Starting Small Businesses. European Small Business Journal, 1 (1): 26–45.
  • Gimeno, J., Folta, T. B., Cooper, A. C., and Woo, C. Y. (1997). Survival of the Fittest? Entrepreneurial Human Capital and the Persistence of Underperforming Firms. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42 (4): 750–783.
  • Goffee, R. and Scase, R. (1987). Patterns of Business Proprietorship among Women in Britain. In R. Goffee and R. Scase (eds) Entrepreneurship in Europe. London: Croom Helm, pp. 60–82.
  • Holmquist, C. and Sundin, E. (1990). What’s Special About Highly Educated Women Entrepreneurs. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 2 (2): 181–193.
  • Gupta, V. K., Turban, D. B., Wasti, A. A., and Sikdar, A. (2009). The Role of Gender Streotypes in Perceptions of Entrepreneurs and Intentions to Become an Entrepreneur. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33 (2): 397–417.
  • Kariv, D. (2013). Female Entrepreneurship and the New Venture Creation: An International Perspective. London: Routledge.
  • Kelley, D., Singer, S. and Herrington, M. (2012). 2011 Global Report. Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (GERA). Wellesley: Babson College.
  • Licht, A. N. and Siegel, J. I. (2006). The Social Dimensions of Entrepreneurship. In M. Casson, B. Yeung, A. Basu and N. Wadeson (eds) The Oxford Handbook of Entrepreneurship. Oxford: Oxford University Press, pp. 511–539.
  • MacMillan, I. C. (1986). To Really Learn About Entrepreneurship, Let’s Study Habitual Entrepreneurs. Journal of Business Venturing, 1 (3): 241–243.
  • Miner, J. B. (2000). Testing a Psychological Typology of Entrepreneurship Using Business Founders. Journal of Applied Behavioral Science, 36 (1): 43–70.
  • Reynolds, P., Storey, D. J., and Westhead, P. (1994). Cross-National Comparisons of the Variation in New Firm Formation Rates. Regional Studies, 28 (4): 443–456.
  • Robb, A. M. and Watson, J. (2012). Gender Differences in Firm Performance: Evidence from New Ventures in the United States. Journal of Business Venturing, 27 (5): 279–303.
  • Schwab, K. (2011). The Global Competitiveness Report 2011–12. Geneva: World Economic Forum.
  • Smith, N. R. (1967). The Entrepreneur and His Firm: The Relationship Between Type of Man and Type of Company. East Lansing, Michigan: Michigan State University Press.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Alsos, G. A., Westhead, P., and Wright, M. (2008). Habitual Entrepreneurs. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 4 (4): 309–449.
  • Watson, J. (2002). Comparing the Performance of Male- and Female-Controlled Businesses: Relating Outputs to Inputs. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 26 (3): 91–100.
  • Westhead, P., Ucbasaran, D., Wright, M., and Binks, M. (2005). Policy Toward Novice, Serial and Portfolio Entrepreneurs. Small Business Economics, 25 (2): 109–132.
  • Westhead, P. and Wright, M. (1998). Novice, Portfolio and Serial Founders: Are They Different? Journal of Business Venturing, 13 (3): 173–204.

الفصل الخامس: التفكير والتعلُّم من منظور ريادة الأعمال

  • Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived Behavior Control, Self-Efficacy, Locus of Control, and the Theory of Planned Behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32 (4): 665–683.
  • Bandura, A. (1995). Perceived Self-Efficacy. In A. S. R. Manstead and M. Hawstone (eds) The Blackwell Encyclopaedia of Social Psychology. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers Ltd, pp. 434–436.
  • Baron, R. A. (1998). Cognitive Mechanisms in Entrepreneurship: Why and When Entrepreneurs Think Differently Than Other People. Journal of Business Venturing, 13 (4): 275–294.
  • Baron, R. A. (2004). The Cognitive Perspective, A Valuable Tool for Answering Entrepreneurship’s Basic ‘Why’ Questions. Journal of Business Venturing, 19 (2): 221–239.
  • Busenitz, L. W. and Barney, J. B. (1997). Differences Between Entrepreneurs and Managers in Large Organizations: Biases and Heuristics in Strategic Decision-Making. Journal of Business Venturing, 12 (1): 9–30.
  • Gartner, W. B. (1989). ‘Who is an Entrepreneur?’ is the Wrong Question. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 13 (4): 47–68.
  • Gregoire, D. A., Corbett, A. C., and McMullen, J. S. (2011). The Cognitive Perspective in Entrepreneurship: An Agenda for Future Research. Journal of Management Studies, 48 (6): 1443–1477.
  • Kets de Vries, M. F. R. (1977). The Entrepreneurial Personality: A Person at the Crossroads. Journal of Management Studies, 14 (1): 34–57.
  • McClelland, D. C. (1961). The Achieving Society. New Jersey, Princeton: Van Nostrand.
  • McGrath, R. G. (1999). Falling Forward: Real Options Reasoning and Entrepreneurial Failure. Academy of Management Review, 24 (1): 13–30.
  • Miner, J. B., Smith, N. R., and Bracker, J. S. (1992). Predicting Firm Survival from a Knowledge of Entrepreneur Task Motivation. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 4 (2): 145–153.
  • Mitchell, R. K., Busenitz, L., Lant, T., McDougall, P. P., Morse, E. A., and Smith, B. (2002). Entrepreneurial Cognition Theory: Rethinking the People Side of Entrepreneurship Research. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27 (2): 93–104.
  • Rotter, J. (1966). Generalised Expectancies for Internal Versus External Control of Reinforcement. Psychological Monographs, 80 (1): 1–27.
  • Shepherd, D. (2003). Learning from Business Failure: Propositions about the Grief Recovery Process for the Self-employed. Academy of Management Review, 28 (2): 318–329.
  • Sitkin, S. B. (1992). Learning through failure: the strategy of small losses. In B. M. Staw and L. L. Cummings (eds) Research in Organizational Behavior. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, pp. 231–266.
  • Tversky, A. and Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgement Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases. Science, 185 (4157): 1124–1131.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Alsos, G. A., Westhead, P., and Wright, M. (2008). Habitual Entrepreneurs. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 4 (4): 309–449.
  • Ucbasaran, D., Westhead, P., Wright, M., and Flores, M. (2010). The Nature of Entrepreneurial Experience, Business Failure and Comparative Optimism. Journal of Business Venturing, 25 (6): 541–555.
  • Westhead, P., Robson, P., and Wright, M. (2012). Entrepreneurial Learning, Repeat Entrepreneurs and Business Ownership Success and Failure Experience. Durham: Durham University Business School working paper.
  • Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., and Lumpkin, G. T. (2010). The Relationship of Personality to Entrepreneurial Intentions and Performance: A Meta-Analytic Review. Journal of Management, 36 (2): 381–404.

الفصل السادس: أشكال المشروعات الريادية المغامِرة

  • Acs, Z. J., Audretsch, D. B., and Feldman, M. P. (1992). Real Effects of Academic Research: Comment. American Economic Review, 82: 363–367.
  • Austin, J., Stevenson, H., and Wei-Skillern, J. (2006). Social and Commercial Entrepreneurship: Same, Different or Both? Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30 (1): 1–22.
  • Clarysse, B., Wright, M., Lockett, A., van de Elde, E., and Vohora, A. (2005). Spinning Out New Ventures: A Typology of Incubation Strategies from European Research Institutions. Journal of Business Venturing, 20 (2): 183–216.
  • Covin, J. and Miles, M. (1999). Corporate Entrepreneurship and the Pursuit of Competitive Advantage. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23 (3): 47–63.
  • Di Domenico, M. L., Haugh, H., and Tracey, P. (2010). Social Bricolage: Theorizing Social Value Creation in Social Enterprises. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 34 (4): 681–703.
  • Franklin, S., Wright, M., and Lockett, A. (2001). Academic and Surrogate Entrepreneurs in University Spin-out Companies. Journal of Technology Transfer, 26 (1–2): 127–141.
  • Hoy, F. and Verser, T. G. (1994). Emerging Business, Emerging Field: Entrepreneurship and the Family Firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 19 (1): 9–23.
  • Ireland, R. D., Covin, J. G., and Kuratko, D. F. (2009). Conceptualizing Corporate Entrepreneurship Strategy. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33 (1): 19–46.
  • Johannisson, B., Alexanderson, O., Nowicki, K., and Senneseth, K. (1994). Beyond Anarchy and Organization: Entrepreneurs in Contextual Networks. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 6 (3): 329–356.
  • Kets de Vries, M. F. R. (1993). The Dynamics of Family Controlled Firms: The Good News and the Bad News. Organizational Dynamics, 21 (3): 59–71.
  • Lambert, R. (2003). Lambert Review of Business—University Collaboration. London: HM Treasury.
  • Lansberg, I. (1999). Succeeding Generations: Realizing the Dream of Families in Business. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
  • Sharma, P. and Chrisman, J. J. (1999). Toward a Reconciliation of the Definitional Issues in the Field of Corporate Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 23 (3): 11–27.
  • Vohora, A., Wright, M., and Lockett, A. (2004). Critical Junctures in the Growth in University High-Tech Spinout Companies. Research Policy, 33 (1): 147–175.
  • Westhead, P. (1997). Ambitions, ‘External’ Environment and Strategic Factor Differences between Family and Non-Family Companies. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 9 (2): 127–157.
  • Westhead, P. and Cowling, M. (1997). Performance Contrasts Between Family and Non-Family Unquoted Companies in the UK. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 3 (1): 30–52.
  • Westhead, P., Cowling, M., and Howorth, C. (2001). The Development of Family Companies: Management and Ownership Issues. Family Business Review, 14 (4): 369–385.
  • Westhead, P. and Howorth, C. (2007). ‘Types’ of Private Family Firms: An Exploratory Conceptual and Empirical Analysis. Entrepreneurship and Regional Development, 19 (5): 405–431.
  • Wright, M., Hoskisson, R., Busenitz, L. and Dial, J. (2000). Entrepreneurial Growth through Privatization: The Upside of Management Buy-outs. Academy of Management Review, 25 (3): 591–601.
  • Wright, M, Clarysse, B., Mustar, P. and Lockett, A. (2007). Academic Entrepreneurship in Europe. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
  • Zahra, S., Gedajlovic, E., Neubaum, D., and Shulman, J. (2009). A Typology of Social Entrepreneurs: Motives, Search Processes and Ethical Challenges. Journal of Business Venturing, 24 (5): 519–532.

الفصل السابع: المستقبَل

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  • Ucbasaran, D., Alsos, G. A., Westhead, P., and Wright, M. (2008). Habitual Entrepreneurs. Foundations and Trends® in Entrepreneurship, 4 (4): 309–449.
  • Webb, J. W., Tihanyi, L., Ireland, R. D., and Sirmon, D. (2009). ‘You Say Illegal, I Say Legitimate: Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy’. Academy of Management Review, 34 (3): 492–510.
  • Webb, J. W., Bruton, G. D., Tihanyi, L., and Ireland, R. D. (2012). Research on Entrepreneurship in the Informal Economy: Framing a Research Agenda. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(5): 598–614.
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  • Zahra, S. and Wright, M. (2011). Entrepreneurship’s Next Act. Academy of Management Perspectives, 25: 67–83.

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